{"id":167022,"date":"2026-02-10T11:32:59","date_gmt":"2026-02-10T11:32:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pintoalbuquerque.com\/?page_id=167022"},"modified":"2026-04-13T19:16:42","modified_gmt":"2026-04-13T19:16:42","slug":"prohibition-of-discrimination","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/pintoalbuquerque.com\/pt\/adjudication\/prohibition-of-discrimination\/","title":{"rendered":"Prohibition of Discrimination"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><div data-sticky class=\"data-sticky\"><div data-parent=\"true\" class=\"vc_row scroll-trigger-el scroll-trigger-el-mobile scroll-trigger-el-tablet scroll-trigger-parent has-bg need-focus style-back_color-309354-bg parallax-move row-container\"data-sticky-trigger=\"scroll-trigger\" data-anim-state=\"end\" data-anim-sticky=\"\" data-anim-els=\"\" data-anim-x=\"0\" data-anim-y=\"0\" data-anim-blur=\"0\" data-anim-perspective=\"0\" data-anim-rotate=\"0\" data-anim-origin=\"center\" data-anim-target=\"el\" data-anim-scale=\"100\" data-anim-scale-step=\"\" data-anim-opacity=\"0\" data-anim-radius=\"\" data-anim-radius-unit=\"\" data-anim-start=\"\" data-anim-top=\"0\" data-anim-bottom=\"85\" data-anim-safe=\"\" data-anim-ease=\"none\" data-parallax-move=\"3\" id=\"row-unique-0\"><div class=\"row-background background-element\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"background-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"background-inner\" style=\"background-image: url(https:\/\/pintoalbuquerque.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/TEDH.jpg);background-repeat: no-repeat;background-position: center center;background-attachment: scroll;background-size: cover;\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"block-bg-overlay block-bg-blend-mode for-ie style-overlay_color-309354-bg\" style=\"opacity: 0.5;\"><\/div><div class=\"block-bg-overlay block-bg-blend-mode not-ie style-overlay_color-309354-bg\" style=\"mix-blend-mode:multiply;\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"row exa-top-padding exa-bottom-padding exa-h-padding full-width row-parent\"><div class=\"wpb_row row-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_column pos-bottom pos-center align_left column_parent col-lg-12 double-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-spec style-dark\"  ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"vc_row row-internal row-container\"><div class=\"row row-next-to-blend row-child\"><div class=\"wpb_row row-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_column pos-top pos-left align_left column_child col-lg-9 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-spec style-dark\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"vc_custom_heading_wrap \"><div class=\"heading-text el-text\" ><h3 class=\"font-161747 custom fontspace-111509 font-weight-300 fontsize-167084-custom font-size-custom\" ><span>Adjudication<\/span><\/h3><\/div><div class=\"clear\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_custom_heading_wrap \"><div class=\"heading-text el-text\" ><h6 class=\"h2 text-color-xsdn-color\" ><span>PROHIBITION OF DISCRIMINATION<\/span><\/h6><\/div><div class=\"clear\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column pos-top pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-3 tablet-hidden mobile-hidden single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><script id=\"script-row-unique-0\" data-row=\"script-row-unique-0\" type=\"text\/javascript\" class=\"vc_controls\">UNCODE.initRow(document.getElementById(\"row-unique-0\"));<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div data-parent=\"true\" class=\"vc_row has-bg need-focus style-color-xsdn-bg row-next-to-blend row-container\" id=\"row-unique-1\"><div class=\"row single-top-padding single-bottom-padding single-h-padding full-width row-parent\"><div class=\"wpb_row row-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_column pos-top pos-center align_left column_parent col-lg-12 double-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\"  ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell quad-block-padding style-color-xsdn-bg has-bg  unradius-std\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"uncode-accordion wpb_accordion wpb_content_element  sign-size-rg w-border\" data-collapsible=\"no\" data-target=\"\" data-active-tab=\"0\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"panel-group wpb_wrapper wpb_accordion_wrapper\" id=\"accordion_1780730463\" data-no-toggle=\"1\">\n\n<div class=\"panel panel-default wpb_accordion_section group  no-block-padding\"><div class=\"panel-heading wpb_accordion_header ui-accordion-header\"><p class=\"panel-title font-weight- text-   icon-size-rg\"><a data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion_1780730463\" href=\"#d21d5937-3bb0-215556789140011555679505952d6a2-ca1e\"><span>Grand Chamber Judgments<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/div><div id=\"d21d5937-3bb0-215556789140011555679505952d6a2-ca1e\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse\"><div class=\"panel-body wpb_accordion_content ui-accordion-content half-internal-gutter single-block-padding\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vc_row row-internal row-container\"><div class=\"row row-child\"><div class=\"wpb_row row-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_column pos-top pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-8 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"empty-space empty-half\" ><span class=\"empty-space-inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"uncode_text_column\" ><p>KHAMTOKHU AND AKSENCHIK v. RUSSIA (applications nos. 60367\/08 and 961\/11, judgment of 24 January 2017): indirect discrimination of male offenders aged between 18 and 65, prohibition of life imprisonment for female, elderly and juvenile offenders, the State obligation to \u201clevel up\u201d in case of false positive discrimination based on sex and age.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column pos-middle pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-4 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"empty-space empty-half\" ><span class=\"empty-space-inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<span class=\"btn-container\" ><a role=\"button\"  href=\"https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng#{%22itemid%22:[%22001-170663%22]}\" class=\"custom-link btn border-width-0 btn-button_color-488158 btn-round btn-icon-left\" target=\"_blank\">Access Decision<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row row-internal row-container\"><div class=\"row row-child\"><div class=\"wpb_row row-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_column pos-top pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-8 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"empty-space empty-half\" ><span class=\"empty-space-inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"uncode_text_column\" ><p>BIAO v. DENMARK (application no. 38590\/10, judgment 24 May 2016): indirect discrimination based on length of Danish nationality or on \u201crace\u201d or ethnic origin, family reunification requirements for resident foreigners and Danish nationals of foreign origin living in Denmark.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column pos-middle pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-4 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"empty-space empty-half\" ><span class=\"empty-space-inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<span class=\"btn-container\" ><a role=\"button\"  href=\"https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/fre#{%22itemid%22:[%22001-163115%22]}\" class=\"custom-link btn border-width-0 btn-button_color-676965 btn-round btn-icon-left\" target=\"_blank\">Access Decision<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row row-internal row-container\"><div class=\"row row-child\"><div class=\"wpb_row row-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_column pos-top pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-8 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"empty-space empty-half\" ><span class=\"empty-space-inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"uncode_text_column\" ><p>VALLIANATOS AND OTHERS v. GREECE (applications no. 29381\/09 and no. 32684\/09, judgment of 7 November 2013): indirect discrimination of same sex couples based on their sexual orientation, right to enter into a \u201ccivil union\u201d contract only for heterosexual couples, legislative omission, the Court\u2019s power to review in abstract the Convention-compatibility of a law, direct action before the Court without prior exhaustion of domestic constitutional remedies, principle of subsidiarity.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column pos-middle pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-4 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"empty-space empty-half\" ><span class=\"empty-space-inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<span class=\"btn-container\" ><a role=\"button\"  href=\"https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/fre#{%22itemid%22:[%22001-128294%22]}\" class=\"custom-link btn border-width-0 btn-button_color-134463 btn-round btn-icon-left\" target=\"_blank\">Access Decision<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row row-internal row-container\"><div class=\"row row-child\"><div class=\"wpb_row row-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_column pos-top pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-8 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"empty-space empty-half\" ><span class=\"empty-space-inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"uncode_text_column\" ><p>FABRIS v. FRANCE (application no. 16574\/08, judgment of 7 February 2013): direct discrimination of children born out of wedlock in inheritance law, the direct, erga omnes and retroactive effect of the Court&#8217;s judgment, the Court\u2019s power to oversee the execution of its own judgments, the Court\u2019s implicit powers and the balance of power between the Court and the Committee of Ministers<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column pos-middle pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-4 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"empty-space empty-half\" ><span class=\"empty-space-inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<span class=\"btn-container\" ><a role=\"button\"  href=\"https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng#{%22itemid%22:[%22001-116716%22]}\" class=\"custom-link btn border-width-0 btn-button_color-435376 btn-round btn-icon-left\" target=\"_blank\">Access Decision<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row row-internal row-container\"><div class=\"row row-child\"><div class=\"wpb_row row-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_column pos-top pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-8 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"empty-space empty-half\" ><span class=\"empty-space-inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"uncode_text_column\" ><p>KONSTANTIN MARKIN v. RUSSIA (application no. 30078\/06, judgment of 22 March 2012): indirect discrimination of servicemen based on their sex and their professional status, right to parental leave only for servicewomen and women and men outside the military, protection of social rights by the Convention.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column pos-middle pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-4 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"empty-space empty-half\" ><span class=\"empty-space-inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<span class=\"btn-container\" ><a role=\"button\"  href=\"https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/#{%22itemid%22:[%22001-109868%22]}\" class=\"custom-link btn border-width-0 btn-button_color-709750 btn-round btn-icon-left\" target=\"_blank\">Access Decision<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"panel panel-default wpb_accordion_section group  no-block-padding\"><div class=\"panel-heading wpb_accordion_header ui-accordion-header\"><p class=\"panel-title font-weight- text-   icon-size-rg\"><a data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-parent=\"#accordion_1780730463\" href=\"#9346230d-a835-915556789140011555679505952d6a2-ca1e\"><span>Section II Judgments<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/div><div id=\"9346230d-a835-915556789140011555679505952d6a2-ca1e\" class=\"panel-collapse collapse\"><div class=\"panel-body wpb_accordion_content ui-accordion-content half-internal-gutter single-block-padding\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"vc_row row-internal row-container\"><div class=\"row row-child\"><div class=\"wpb_row row-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_column pos-top pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-8 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"empty-space empty-half\" ><span class=\"empty-space-inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"uncode_text_column\" ><p>ALTINAY v. TURKEY (application no. 37222\/04, judgment of 9 July 2013): discrimination of vocational schools\u2019 students in access to the university.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column pos-middle pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-4 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"empty-space empty-half\" ><span class=\"empty-space-inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<span class=\"btn-container\" ><a role=\"button\"  href=\"https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng#{%22itemid%22:[%22001-122497%22]}\" class=\"custom-link btn border-width-0 btn-button_color-331701 btn-round btn-icon-left\" target=\"_blank\">Access Decision<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"vc_row row-internal row-container\"><div class=\"row row-child\"><div class=\"wpb_row row-inner\"><div class=\"wpb_column pos-top pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-8 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"empty-space empty-half\" ><span class=\"empty-space-inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"uncode_text_column\" ><p>RAVIV v. AUSTRIA (application no. 26266\/05, judgment of 13 March 2012): discrimination of Holocaust victim in entitlement to a social pension.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"wpb_column pos-middle pos-center align_left column_child col-lg-4 single-internal-gutter\"><div class=\"uncol style-light\" ><div class=\"uncoltable\"><div class=\"uncell no-block-padding\" ><div class=\"uncont\" ><div class=\"empty-space empty-half\" ><span class=\"empty-space-inner\"><\/span><\/div>\n<span class=\"btn-container\" ><a role=\"button\"  href=\"https:\/\/hudoc.echr.coe.int\/eng?i=001-109552\" class=\"custom-link btn border-width-0 btn-button_color-109568 btn-round btn-icon-left\" target=\"_blank\">Access Decision<\/a><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><script id=\"script-row-unique-1\" data-row=\"script-row-unique-1\" type=\"text\/javascript\" class=\"vc_controls\">UNCODE.initRow(document.getElementById(\"row-unique-1\"));<\/script><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"AdjudicationPROHIBITION OF DISCRIMINATION Grand Chamber Judgments KHAMTOKHU AND AKSENCHIK v. RUSSIA (applications nos. 60367\/08 and 961\/11, judgment of 24 January [...]","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":166607,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-167022","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pintoalbuquerque.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/167022","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pintoalbuquerque.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pintoalbuquerque.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pintoalbuquerque.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pintoalbuquerque.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=167022"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/pintoalbuquerque.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/167022\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":167615,"href":"https:\/\/pintoalbuquerque.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/167022\/revisions\/167615"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pintoalbuquerque.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/166607"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pintoalbuquerque.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=167022"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}